The Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, also known as the Botanical Garden Kolkata, is one of the most beautiful and historic gardens in India. Spread across 273 acres, it is home to over 12,000 plant species from around the world. The garden is located in Shibpur, Howrah, near Kolkata, and is managed by the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Ministry of Environment & Forests.
One of the biggest attractions here is the Great Banyan Tree, which has one of the largest canopies in the world. The garden also has artificial lakes, rare orchids, and unique plant species from different countries. It is a perfect place for nature lovers, photographers, and researchers.
A visit to the Botanical Garden Kolkata offers a peaceful escape from the city’s chaos. The place is full of lush greenery, fresh air, and vibrant flowers. Whether you love plants or just want to relax, this garden is a must-visit.
Here’s a concise table with key details about the Botanical Garden, Kolkata:
Here are the key details:
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Location | Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India |
| For Whom | Plant and nature lovers |
| Timings | 🕗 March to September: 8:00 AM – 5:30 PM (Ticket counter closes at 4:30 PM) 🕗 October to February: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM (Ticket counter closes at 4:00 PM) |
| Closed On | 📅 Monday (Weekly closure for visitors) |
History of Botanical Garden Kolkata
Establishment and Early Years, Botanical Garden Kolkata
The Botanical Garden Kolkata was founded in 1787 by Colonel Alexander Kyd, an officer of the British East India Company. It was originally called the Company Bagan or East India Company’s Garden. The main purpose was to study plants of commercial value, such as teak and spices, and introduce new species for trade.
Sir George King later helped in designing the garden, but William Roxburgh, a famous botanist, made major contributions. He collected plant species from across India and the world, making the garden a rich center of botanical research.
Here is the map of the Botanical Garden Kolkata.
Role in Indian Agriculture
The Botanical Garden Kolkata played a key role in introducing tea plantations in Assam and Darjeeling. The first tea plants grown in India were developed here. The garden also introduced cinchona plants, which were used to make quinine, a medicine for malaria.
After India’s independence in 1947, the garden was renamed Indian Botanic Garden in 1950. Later, in 2009, it was named Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, in honor of the great scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose.
Key Attractions in Botanical Garden Kolkata
The Botanical Garden in Kolkata is famous for its vast collection of plants, trees, and breathtaking landscapes. Among its many attractions, the Great Banyan Tree stands out as a must-see. The garden is also home to several rare and exotic plant species collected from different countries. The artificial lakes and peaceful surroundings make it a perfect place for nature lovers.
The Great Banyan Tree – A Natural Wonder
One of the biggest attractions in the garden is the Great Banyan Tree. It is one of the largest canopy trees in the world and is over 250 years old. The tree covers an area of about 4 acres, and its aerial roots look like individual trees. Due to its enormous size, many people mistake it for a small forest.
The main trunk of the tree was removed in 1925 after it was damaged by a cyclone. However, the tree continues to grow and spread through its aerial roots. Today, it has around 2,880 aerial roots that reach the ground. It is one of the most photographed spots in the garden. The Great Banyan Tree also holds a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for its size.
Rare and Exotic Plants from Different Countries
The Botanical Garden is home to over 12,000 plants, including 1,400 exotic species from different parts of the world. Some of these rare trees and plants have been brought from Brazil, Malaysia, Nepal, Sumatra, and Sicily. These species have been carefully preserved and nurtured in special sections of the garden.
Some of the most unique plant species found here include:
- Breadfruit Tree – A tree known for its large, starchy fruits.
- Double Coconut Tree – Produces the world’s largest seed, found in very few places.
- Krishna Bot – A fig tree whose leaves curl to form tiny cups.
- Shivalinga Tree – Has flowers shaped like a Shiva Lingam.
- Giant Water Lilies – Large floating plants with strong leaves that can hold small weights.
These plants attract nature enthusiasts, researchers, and students from all over the country. The greenhouses and conservatories in the garden help in preserving these exotic species.
Artificial Lakes and Serene Landscape
The Botanical Garden has several artificial lakes that add to its scenic beauty. The lakes serve as a habitat for various birds and aquatic plants. Many visitors enjoy boating here while admiring the garden’s beauty. During winter, migratory birds visit the lakes, making it a great place for birdwatching and photography.
The peaceful landscape and fresh air make the garden a perfect escape from the city’s noise. Whether you love nature, photography, or just want to relax, the Botanical Garden is a great place to visit.
Flora and Fauna at Botanical Garden Kolkata
The Botanical Garden in Kolkata is a paradise for plant lovers. It is home to over 12,000 species of plants, including some of the rarest and most exotic trees in the world. The garden serves as an important center for research and conservation. Many of the plants found here are used in medicine, agriculture, and scientific studies.
Apart from plants, the garden also attracts several species of birds, butterflies, and small animals. The rich greenery and artificial lakes create a perfect habitat for many creatures, making the garden a great place for nature lovers and bird watchers.
Over 12,000 Species of Plants in Botanical Garden Kolkata
The Botanical Garden is one of the largest and oldest botanical gardens in India. It has a massive collection of plants from across the globe. These include medicinal plants, flowering plants, aquatic plants, and fruit-bearing trees. The garden also has an impressive herbarium collection, which helps in the study of plant species.
Some of the unique plants in the garden are:
- Tea Plants – The first tea plants of India were grown here before being introduced in Assam and Darjeeling.
- Mahogany Trees – Tall and strong trees known for their valuable wood.
- Cuban Palms – Exotic palm trees from Cuba that grow well in Kolkata’s climate.
- Mango Trees – The garden has several old mango trees that produce delicious fruits.
These plants are carefully maintained in greenhouses, conservatories, and open spaces throughout the garden.
Exotic Trees from Nepal, Malaysia, Brazil, and More
Many rare trees from different countries can be found in the garden. These trees were brought here for study and preservation. Some of them have adapted so well to Kolkata’s climate that they have flourished for centuries.
Some notable exotic trees include:
- Brazilian Branching Palm – A unique palm tree from Brazil.
- Sicilian Coconut Trees – Coconut trees originally found in Sicily.
- Mad Tree – A rare species with unusual growth patterns.
Tamarind Trees from Africa – Producing tangy fruits used in many Indian dishes.
These trees make the garden one of the most diverse collections of plant life in the country.
Special Collections – Orchids, Cactus, Bamboo, and Water Lilies
The Botanical Garden has special sections dedicated to different plant families. These collections attract researchers, photographers, and visitors interested in unique plants.
- Orchids – The garden has a variety of orchids that bloom in vibrant colors. These are grown in controlled environments.
- Cactus – A greenhouse is dedicated to different types of cacti, including desert and tropical varieties.
- Bamboo – The garden has several species of bamboo, including giant varieties that grow extremely tall.
- Water Lilies – The artificial lakes are home to giant water lilies with broad floating leaves.
These collections make the Botanical Garden in Kolkata a must-visit destination for plant lovers. The diversity of flora here is unmatched, and the peaceful atmosphere makes it a great place to explore.
Timings and Entry Fees
The Botanical Garden in Kolkata is open to visitors throughout the week. It provides a perfect escape for those who love nature and want to enjoy a peaceful time amidst greenery. Whether you are a local resident or a tourist, the garden welcomes everyone.
It is best to visit early in the morning to enjoy the fresh air and calm surroundings. The garden is well-maintained, and visitors are expected to follow the rules to keep the place clean and beautiful.
Timings
The garden operates on the following schedule:
🕗 8.00 AM to 5.30 PM (March to September)
Ticket counter will close at 4:30 PM
🕗 8.00 AM to 5.00 PM (October to February)
Ticket counter will close at 4:00 PM
📅 N.B.: Monday is a ‘Close Day’ for visitors 1
Morning hours are ideal for daily walkers and joggers. The afternoon is great for sightseeing and exploring the garden’s attractions.
MORNING ENTRY PASS 2
Morning Entry Pass are issued by garden authority on Annual basis.
Timings: March to September 5.00 AM to 7.00 AM;
October to February 5.30 AM to 7.30 AM
Entry Fees as of March 2025
While entering from Mail gate, one can get ticket counter at the left side of the main entrance.
Visitors need to pay a small fee to enter the Botanical Garden: Ticket fees are given below as of March 2025. 3 years above full ticket needed.
- Indian Nationals: ₹30 per person
- Foreign Tourists: ₹300 per person
- Camera Fee: ₹60 for photography
- Annual Membership: ₹200 (for daily walkers with a membership card)
The entry fees help maintain the garden and its plant collections. The annual membership is a great option for regular visitors who wish to enjoy morning walks or research activities.
Rules and Penalties for Visitors
The Botanical Garden Kolkata is a protected area that preserves rare plant species. To maintain its beauty and cleanliness, visitors must follow strict rules. These regulations ensure that the garden remains a peaceful and pollution-free place for nature lovers.
Breaking these rules results in penalties, so visitors must be mindful of their actions while exploring the garden.
Important Rules to Follow inside Botanical Garden Kolkata
🚫 Do not pluck flowers, fruits, or harm plants – The garden is home to over 12,000 plant species, and damaging them is strictly prohibited.
🚭 No smoking or alcohol consumption – The garden is a smoke-free and alcohol-free zone to maintain a clean and healthy environment.
🗑️ No littering or plastic use – Visitors must dispose of waste properly and avoid bringing plastic wrappers, bottles, or bags.
📸 No unauthorized photography or videography – Special permission is required for professional shoots inside the garden.
🌱 No unauthorized collection of plant samples – Taking plants, leaves, or seeds without permission is strictly forbidden.
Penalties for Breaking Rules 3
Visitors who fail to follow the rules will have to pay fines:
- Plucking flowers, fruits, or harming plants: ₹500
- Smoking or consuming alcohol: ₹500
- Littering or using plastic items: ₹500
- Unauthorized photography or videography: ₹1000
- Damaging garden property: ₹1000
- Unauthorized collection of plants: ₹500
These fines help maintain discipline and protect the biodiversity of the Botanical Garden Kolkata. Authorities strictly monitor visitor activities to ensure that the garden remains a safe and well-preserved space.
Best Time to Visit Botanical Garden Kolkata
The best time to visit the Botanical Garden Kolkata is from October to March. During these months, the weather remains cool and pleasant, making it ideal for a peaceful walk through the garden. Visitors can explore the vast green spaces, enjoy the artificial lakes, and witness the beauty of seasonal flowers in full bloom.
During summer, from April to June, the temperature can be very high, reaching up to 39°C. The scorching heat makes walking difficult, and many plants may not look as fresh as they do in winter. Monsoon, from July to September, brings heavy rainfall, which can make pathways muddy and difficult to walk on.
For the best experience, visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon when the weather is cooler. The Botanical Garden Kolkata looks stunning during sunrise and sunset, offering breathtaking views of its vast landscape.
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How to Reach Botanical Garden Kolkata
The Botanical Garden Kolkata is located in Shibpur, Howrah, on the western bank of the Hooghly River. It is easily accessible from different parts of the city. The best way to reach the garden is by taxi or private vehicle, but public transport is also available.
By Taxi/Private Vehicle (Recommended)
Taking a cab or private vehicle is the easiest and most comfortable way to reach the garden. Since there are limited public transport options, a direct taxi ride ensures a hassle-free journey. You can book an Ola, Uber, or local taxi from anywhere in Kolkata.
By Bus
Several city buses connect different parts of Kolkata to the Botanical Garden Kolkata. Look for buses with the “B Garden” route. These buses will drop you near the entrance gate of the garden. However, the frequency of buses may vary, so check the timings in advance.
By Train
The nearest railway station is Shalimar Railway Station, located around 3 km from the garden. However, it has limited train connectivity with Kolkata’s main railway network. If traveling by train, the best option is to reach Howrah Junction and take a taxi or bus from there.
Location on Google Map :
Tips for Visitors, Botanical Garden Kolkata
Visiting the Botanical Garden Kolkata can be a wonderful experience if you follow some essential tips. Since the garden covers a vast area, proper planning will help you explore it comfortably.
No Food and Drinks Allowed Inside
Visitors are not allowed to carry food and drinks inside the garden. However, there are food stalls available within the premises where you can buy refreshments. To maintain cleanliness, littering is strictly prohibited.
Hire a Guide or Take a Six-Seater Car for a Tour
The Botanical Garden Kolkata is too large to cover on foot in a short time. If you want to explore its key attractions comfortably, you can hire a guide or take a six-seater car available at the entrance. The driver stops at various points and provides interesting details about the plants.
Wear Comfortable Shoes for Walking
Since the garden has long walking trails, it is advisable to wear comfortable shoes. If you plan to explore on foot, light clothing and sun protection are also recommended, especially during summer.
Inside the Botanical Garden in Kolkata, numerous benches like the one in the image are placed along the pathways, offering visitors a chance to rest and soak in the serene beauty of nature. These benches, often shaded by sprawling trees, provide a perfect spot to relax, enjoy the fresh air, and appreciate the lush greenery.
4Contact Details of Botanical Garden Kolkata
| Office | Contact Number | Availability |
|---|---|---|
| Curator Office | 033-26689970 / 033-29790403 | During office hours |
| Administrative Office | 033-26681466 | During office hours |
| [email protected] | – |
Nearby Places to Explore
A visit to Botanical Garden Kolkata can be combined with other iconic attractions nearby. Here are some must-visit places:
1. Howrah Bridge
Just a short drive away, Howrah Bridge is an engineering marvel and one of Kolkata’s most famous landmarks. This massive cantilever bridge connects Kolkata with Howrah and offers stunning views, especially at night.
2. Prinsep Ghat
Located along the banks of the Hooghly River, Prinsep Ghat is known for its serene surroundings and colonial-era architecture. It is a great spot for evening walks, boat rides, and photography.
3. Metcalfe Hall
Metcalfe Hall is a beautiful heritage structure inspired by Greek architecture. It houses a museum that showcases Kolkata’s cultural history. The entry fee is minimal, making it a great place to explore for history lovers.
4. Victoria Memorial
One of Kolkata’s most iconic monuments, the Victoria Memorial is a grand marble structure surrounded by lush gardens. It showcases Kolkata’s colonial history and features an extensive museum with British-era artifacts.
These places add to the charm of a trip to Botanical Garden Kolkata, making your visit even more memorable.
Conclusion
The Botanical Garden Kolkata is a must-visit destination for nature lovers, photographers, and anyone who appreciates greenery. With its rich history, diverse flora, and peaceful surroundings, it offers a perfect escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.
Inside the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden in Kolkata, creativity meets functionality with this unique crocodile-shaped dustbin. Designed to encourage visitors to dispose of waste properly, this artistic bin adds a playful touch to the garden’s lush greenery.
One of the main highlights is the Great Banyan Tree, which has one of the largest canopies in the world. The garden is also home to over 12,000 plant species, including rare and exotic trees from different countries. Its artificial lakes, landscaped gardens, and vibrant orchids make it a paradise for visitors.
Beyond its beauty, the Botanical Garden plays a crucial role in ecological conservation. It has contributed to important botanical research and continues to be a place of learning for plant enthusiasts. Whether you want to relax, explore, or learn about rare plants, this garden is a hidden gem in Kolkata.
Read More: The Great Banyan Tree – A Living Wonder
